Chapter Questions On Gender And Gender Equality - 1724 Words

Barbara Kellar COM335 Chapter 1-4 Chapter 1 answers In reading chapter one I found that the definition of gender isn’t really what sex you were born, it is more the sex that you associate yourself with. If you feel that you are female but you were born a male then going by the text your gender would be female. Society tends to group gender by physical looks and not what a person feels they are. I personally feel that gender is what the person feels that they are. If they think they are female, but physically they are male, who am I to tell them they are only male? Feminism is a multi-disciplinary approach to sex and gender equality. Defined through social theories and political activism. Historically, feminism has evolved from the†¦show more content†¦A real life example of this would be a conversation between a mother and her child. With the conversation being about what the child should or shouldn’t do the mother is defining the relationship level and that the mother calls the shots and the child should listen to what they are told. The Intersex Society of North America is a group that was founded in 1993 in an effort to advocate for patients and families who felt they had been harmed by their experiences with the health care system. These patients being people who were born â€Å"different†, being male with female anatomy or female with make anatomy. With having a 16 year old son that identifies himself as a bi-sexual, I feel this book will be greatly educational for me. I accept my child as he is no matter what. But most people in this world do not accept people who identify themselves sexually different then what is considered normal. Although I have an acceptance that most people don’t, I feel that this book will help me accept better other people that identify themselves differently. I feel that feminism will forever be a subject of great debate. There will always be women who fight for more equal rights between men and women. Currently one of the biggest arguments when it comes to feminism is equal pay for equal work. To me personally it means that I don’t have to fight to be able to be strong, and independent. Women from the past have done a great job paving the road

Effects Of Steroid Hormones And Neuropeptides On Social...

Acephalia A Review of the Effects of Steroid Hormones and Neuropeptides on Social-Emotional Behavior Bos, Peter A., Panksepp, Jaak, Bluthà ©, Rose-Marie, van Honk, Jack (2011). Acute effects of steroid hormones and neuropeptides on human social–emotional behavior: A review of single administration studies. Frontiers in Neuroendocrinology 33 (2012) 17-35. 1. Introduction/Background Information The discovery of hormones and their function has been relatively recent. The term was first coined by Professor Earnest Starling in 1905. He derived the word from the Greek meaning â€Å"to arouse or excite.† However, the idea of the role hormones could be traced back as far as ancient Greece. Though Hippocrates’ theory on humors has been refuted, the†¦show more content†¦The neuro-developmental effects of these chemicals are comparatively well-known, while their impact on human conduct has yet to be fully comprehended. 2. Goals of the study The main goal of this study was to review all of the placebo-controlled single hormone administration studies addressing human social-emotional behavior, involving the peptides oxytocin and vasopressin, and the steroids testosterone and estradiol. This research gives insight into the underlying neural mechanisms and also demonstrates substantial hormonal control over human behavior. After reviewing and discussing the placebo-controlled studies, they proposed a theoretical model that synthesized detailed knowledge of neuroendocrinology of social-emotional behavior in animals, as-well-as the recently gained data on humans. The study of emotional and behavioral disorders have become more popular in the last twenty years. Characteristics of these irregularities include: learning disabilities that are not explainable by either sensory, health, or intellectual factors; persistently inappropriate feelings and conduct; and/or chronic unhappiness or depression (gadoe.or g). The authors of this study thoroughly analyzed the underlying neural mechanisms of supplemental hormones and how they affect participants as opposed to using a placebo. Research into human behavior as it relates to neuroendocrinology will be crucial to future generations and their interrelations. 3. Methods and

Democracies And Their Tendency to be More Peaceful Than...

Democracies And Their Tendency to be More Peaceful Than Authoritarian States To answer this question we first need to define and contrast the two different types of state. An authoritarian state is one that enforces a policy of strict obedience, compliance and may use tyrannical and domineering measures to obtain this. A vote system may be in operation but any dissenting section of the population may come under threat from the government in control thus making the vote a mere stage show. Unlike the above a democratic state sees individual freedom as paramount to the success of a capitalist democracy, which has a system of government influenced by the whole population via the use of representatives.†¦show more content†¦A fact that needs to be considered is that there hasnt been a major, long running conflict between two democratic states since 1945 but there have been many conflicts between authoritarian states. For example the Iraq-Iran war and the ongoing conflict between Pakistan and India, according to the definition of democracy reveal that d emocracies are not hostile towards other democratic states. This may be due to the fact that they are scared of each others military power or of upsetting vital trade agreements or its allies. Roger masters states that: à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦the circumstances of human evolution suggest that some kinds of political regimes - notably autocratic and totalitarian ones - are unnatural and unjust. Conversely, regimes featuring constitutional government, liberal freedoms, and democratic participation are naturally unjust.[1] Therefore can we assume that as authoritarian states are unjust they are more inclined to be hostile and that democracies being just are less inclined? The international political environment may be a great influence on why hostilities occur between authoritarian states rather than democratic. 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Baseball Bats Essay Research Paper In any free essay sample

Baseball Bats Essay, Research Paper In any game, the equipment participants use determines the manner the game unfolds. Try to conceive of a association football game played with an American football! Or seek playing tennis with the wooden rackets of 30 old ages ago. Change the equipment, and you discover a really different game. As portion of my expression at baseball, I decided to analyze the tool of the baseball trade: Bats. Possibly the most important and seeable tool in baseball is the chiropteran. A chiropteran is the violative arm, the tool with which tallies are scored. To understand the history and scientific discipline of chiropterans, I read a magazine published by Louisville Slugger, in Louisville, Kentucky place of the Hillerich A ; Bradsby Company, Inc. ( besides known as H A ; B ) , the makers of possibly America # 8217 ; s most celebrated chiropteran, the Louisville Slugger. Through the reading I learned how the modern chiropteran came to be, and what it might become. In 1884, John Andrew Bud Hillerich played truancy from his male parent # 8217 ; s woodworking store and went to a baseball game. There he watched a star participant, Pete The Old Gladiator Browning, fighting in a batting slack. After the game, Hillerich invited Browning back to the store, where they picked out a piece of white ash, and Hillerich began doing a chiropteran. They worked tardily into the dark, with Browning giving advice and taking pattern swings from clip to clip. What happened following is legend. The following twenty-four hours, Browning went three-for-three, and shortly the new chiropteran was in demand across the conference. H A ; B flourished from at that place. First called the Falls City Slugger, the new chiropteran was called the Louisville Slugger by 1894. Though Hillerich # 8217 ; s father thought chiropterans were an undistinguished point, and preferred to go on doing more reliable points like bedposts and bowling pins, chiropterans became a quickly turning portion of the household concern. Merely as it was back so, the authoritative Louisville Slugger chiropteran used by today # 8217 ; s professional participants is made from white ash. The wood is specially selected from woods in Pennsylvania and New York. The trees they use must be at least 50 old ages old before they are harvested. After crop, the wood is dried for six to eight months to a precise wet degree. The best quality wood is selected for pro chiropterans ; the other 90 per centum is used for consumer market chiropterans. White ash is used for its combination of hardness, strength, weight, feel, and lastingness. In past old ages, H A ; B have made some chiropterans out of hickory. But hickory lumber is much heavier than ash, and participants today want visible radiation chiropterans because they # 8217 ; ve discovered that they can hit the ball further by singing the chiropteran fast. So they can # 8217 ; t do the chiropterans out of hickory. Though Babe Ruth, one of the all-time great home-run batters, used a 42 or a 44 ounce chiropteran, participants today use chiropterans that weigh around 32 ounces. Even batters like Mark McGwire and Ken Griffey, Jr. merely use 33 ounce chiropterans because they want to bring forth great chiropteran velocity. How do you do a wooden chiropteran you ask. Here? s how. The wood is milled into unit of ammunition, 37 inch spaces, or notes, which are shipped to the H A ; B mill in Louisville. There they are turned on a tracer lathe, utilizing a metal templet that guides the lathe # 8217 ; s blades. These templets are set up to the specifications of each pro participant. Then the chiropterans are fire-branded with the Louisville Slugger grade. This grade is put on the flat of the wood # 8217 ; s grain, where the chiropteran is weakest. Players learn to swing with the label facing either up or down, so that they can strike the ball with the border grain, where the chiropteran is strongest. Hiting on the level grain will more frequently than non ensue in a broken chiropteran. Finally, the chiropterans are dipped into one of several possible water-based coatings or varnishes, which gives chiropterans their concluding colour and protective coat. Each participant selects the coating they desire, while a few participants, such as former Kansas City Royals star George Brett, chose to go forth their chiropterans unfinished. Players today may travel through every bit many as six or seven twelve chiropterans in a season. ( In early old ages, participants used merely use 10s or twelve chiropterans. ) In fact, one participant, Joe Sewell, used the same chiropteran for 14 old ages. Joe attributes the increased breakage of chiropterans to the thin-handled, large-barreled design of modern chiropterans, and to the usage of ash alternatively of hickory. A pitch that jams you inside will about ever saw off a modern chiropteran, while an aluminium or antique hickory chiropteran might bring forth a base hit. Though the fabrication procedure for chiropteran has stayed mostly the same, the design of the pro wood chiropteran has changed a great trade since 1884. The early chiropterans had really small taper, ensuing in a chiropteran with a really thick grip and a comparatively little barrel. The early chiropterans about look like person merely took an ax grip and used it for a chiropteran. Modern participants want a thin grip and a big barrel, to concentrate the weight of the chiropteran in the hitting country. By major conference ordinances, chiropterans must be round with a barrel of no more than 2 3/4 inches. They can be up to 42 inches in length ; there is no ordinance about the chiropteran # 8217 ; s weight. One of the few inventions to the design of the wooden chiropteran is cutting a cup out of the terminal of a chiropteran. Developed by a pro participant named Jose Cardinal in 1972, this cup can # 8217 ; t be more than 2 inches in breadth, and 1 inch deep. The cupped chiropteran allows the chiropteran shaper to utilize a heavier, denser, stronger lumber, while still keeping the desirable chiropteran weight. Recently, Ted Williams visited the Louisville Slugger Company and he said that if he was playing today, all of his chiropterans would be cupped. About half the pro chiropterans made by H A ; B today are cupped chiropterans. Throughout the history of baseball, participants in hunt of an border have doctored, or altered, chiropterans in many unusual ways. The chief scheme has been corking the chiropteran. Players cut the terminal of the chiropteran away, bore a hole down into the barrel of the chiropteran, and make full the hole with cork, so glue the terminal back on. This is an effort to buoy up the chiropteran, and give it more spring or bounciness. But truly this does nil advantageous to the chiropteran. In fact, the chiropteran gets weaker, because they? ve drilled out the bosom of it. You may retrieve the clip when [ pro participant ] Graig Nettles put a clump of gum elastic superballs inside his chiropteran, and the chiropteran broke, and all the balls spilled out. Nettles attributes the continuity of corking more to head games between the participants than to any advantage a corky chiropteran might hold. Players have besides been known to rub their chiropterans with ham castanetss or glass bottles, a procedure called boning, in an effort to indurate the chiropteran. However, this pattern doesn # 8217 ; t seem to bring forth any benefit beyond the psychological either. In early yearss, some batters would illicitly hammer nails into their chiropterans so that the ball would strike Fe. Even if the chiropteran could be made harder, it would merely decrease striking. Solid wood chiropterans give really small in the impact country, and therefore they store really small energy. What small they do store, they give back [ to the ball ] really expeditiously. On the other manus, the ball distorts a batch under impact, and is comparatively inefficient in giving the energy back. So a harder chiropteran merely consequences in more distortion of the ball, and a lesser hit. The inquiry that come to us following was, but what about a metal chiropteran? The most stupefying alteration in baseball chiropterans in the past 30 old ages started in the 1970s, when chiropterans made from tubings of aluminium began to look. These tubings are machined to change the wall thickness and the diameter, and bring forth chiropterans that are light, strong, and hollow, as opposed to the solid wood. At first, the aluminium chiropteran was merely a metal transcript of a wooden chiropteran. They were merely more lasting, so they were cheaper to utilize. But makers and participants shortly discovered that there were other differences every bit good. Aluminum chiropterans are rather different than wooden 1s. They # 8217 ; re much lighter, more than five ounces. The barrels are bigger, and because they are lighter they can be swung faster than a wooden chiropteran. In add-on, the hardness and resiliency of aluminium can ensue in much greater velocities when the ball comes off the chiropteran. Major League Baseball has required that its participants use wooden chiropterans, but the aluminium chiropteran has come to rule the lower degrees of baseball, from Little League to American Legion to the college game. The most important difference between wooden and aluminium chiropterans is that with an aluminium chiropteran, a phenomenon occurs called the # 8216 ; trampoline effect. # 8217 ; The walls of the chiropteran are thin plenty that they deform, or flex when the ball hits the chiropteran. Some of the energy ( of the hit ) is transferred into the chiropteran alternatively of the ball. That energy is about wholly elastic ; it is given back, or bouncinesss back, about 100 per centum. The energy absorbed when the ball is deformed is about 75 per centum lost to heat, and therefore wasted every bit far as impeling the ball. Because of this trampoline consequence, you can hit the ball slightly faster, and slightly farther. In fact, when the NCAA approved the usage of aluminium chiropterans in 1974, H A ; B started comparing statistics and found that the squad batting norms went up about 20 points, and the home-run production about doubled. The primary ground that wooden chiropterans are required in the pros is due to this public presentation difference. The pro conferences want to protect their historical records, and they desire the public presentation of the game to be the consequence of human ability, instead than the engineering of the chiropterans. Ever-increasing public presentation of metal chiropterans has begun to impact the game at the college degree and below. Aluminum chiropteran shapers have been researching stronger and lighter metal metals. The consequences include ever-lighter chiropterans with dilutant walls, and accordingly higher chiropteran velocities and even greater trampoline effects. A ball hit by these chiropterans travels further and faster. In add-on, H A ; B has already made a chiropteran called the AirAttack in which a polyurethane vesica is inserted into the centre hollow, so filled with pressurized N gas. The gas force per unit area in the vesica supports chiropteran walls, forcing them out after they are deformed under impact. This support allows a much dilutant wall and a greater trampoline consequence. H A ; B has a playground ball chiropteran called the Inertia, in which the inside of the chiropteran contains a rolled-up steel spring that does the same thing. Batting norms and home-run production have gone up systematically at the college degree as these progresss have appeared. Titanium was used briefly, but it was rapidly prohibited because that metal # 8217 ; s combination of high strength, light weight, and snap was clearly traveling to consequence in shattering all striking records in all stages of the game. You could really grab the barrel of the chiropteran in your custodies and squeezing, and you could experience the chiropteran spring. The trampoline consequence was tremendous, and though Ti was banned, Louisville Slugger learned a batch about how to do aluminium chiropterans achieve the same consequence. Recently, a het argument has broken out over the widespread usage of aluminium chiropterans in college conferences. Many in baseball fright that modern engineering is making a superbat, which will irrevocably change the game and endanger participants. Indeed, the regulations commissions are diligently looking at the public presentation of chiropterans, and they have already put some bounds on public presentation ; they may good add more. They are non merely concerned about the unity of the game, the balance between discourtesy and defence, but they are besides concerned about safety. The NCAA regulations commission has decreed that many modern metal chiropterans are unsafe to participants and disruptive to the game. The high velocity of the ball coming off the these metal chiropteran has put hurlers in danger, as a line thrust hit at them may be going excessively fast for them to acquire out of the manner. And the energy of a hit ball additions as the square of the speed, so a fast hit can make more harm. As a consequence, the NCAA has ordered late that chiropteran makers alter their designs to do chiropterans heavier, with a smaller barrel. And baseball organisations from college to Little League are sing a return to a wooden chiropterans merely policy, though the disbursal of wooden chiropterans may do such a move impracticable.